Atmosphere
Greenhouse gas emissions lead to global warming, frequent extreme weather and increasing natural disasters. It has become a global focus to clarify the impact of carbon emissions and reduce carbon emissions. As the dominant technology of carbon emission and carbon cycle monitoring, satellite remote sensing plays an important role in global climate research, but there are still large errors in the inversion results of high value aerosol, cloud coverage and other areas, which greatly reduces the effective detection data rate. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to develop new satellite remote sensing monitoring and inversion technology which can provide more precise carbon information. The inversion of greenhouse gases requires not only high-resolution atmospheric absorption spectrum, but also information such as AOD and cloud parameters at the same time. Therefore, GOSAT and TanSat satellites are equipped with hyper-spectral instruments and aerosol instruments. The first greenhouse gas payload GMI based on spatial heterodyne spectroscopy （SHS） was built on the Chinese GaoFen-5 satellite launched in May 2018, which includes two carbon dioxide bands, one methane band and one oxygen band. In addition, The Directional Polarimetric Camera (DPC) is the first Chinese multi-angle polarized earth observation satellite sensor, which is synchronously carried on this satellite for cloud and aerosol product acquisition. DPC employed a charge coupled device detection unit with 512×512 effective pixels from the 554×512 useful pixels, realizing spatial resolution of 3.3 km under a swath width of 1850 km. Meanwhile, DPC has 3 polarized channels (490, 670 and 865 nm) together with 5 non-polarized bands (443, 565, 763, 765 and 910 nm) and can obtain at least 9 viewing angles by continuously capturing series images over the same target on orbit. This proposal is mainly based on the new hyper-spectral payload GMI and polarization payload DPC to carry out the greenhouse gas inversion research. We can use DPC observation to invert high precision aerosol optical and physical properties to calculate the air mass factor (AMF) for the greenhouse retrieval with the hyper-spectral sensor GMI. By adopting an optimal estimation (OE) algorithm combined with the aerosol high-precision microphysical and optical characteristics from the DPC sensor to perform the inversion of greenhouses gases, we can improve the accuracy at low AOD loading and file the current gaps inversion in satellite retrieval in the high-value area of AOD. Finally, the inversion results of TanSat, GOSAT, OCO-2 and other satellite are used as verification data. This proposal can also be used to provide a wealth of real measured observation data for the design of future greenhouse gas sensor incorporating aerosols. This proposal is a joint project of Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIPS-CAS), Space Research Organization Netherlands (SRON). No extra funding for this project is presently available. China is jointly funded by the State Administration of science, technology and industry of national defense (Civil Aerospace pre research project: main greenhouse gas monitor of multimodal atmosphere, with a fund of 8.6 million yuan) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (key deployment project of the Academy: high spatial-temporal resolution greenhouse gas detection and application technology, with a fund of 7 million yuan), some of which can be used for international cooperative research. The European side is mainly funded by projects that have been approved for research in progress, which are funded by the Netherlands space research center.
